Units
Translation components API.
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GET /api/translations/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/units/?format=api&page=7
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Note that this limits the maximum bandwidth of a transport protocol. If it uses `n` bits to encode its sequence numbers, then it cannot send more than :math:`2^n` segments every MSL seconds." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "To deal with this problem, transport protocols combine two solutions. First, they use 32 bits or more to encode the sequence number in the segment header. This increases the overhead, but also increases the delay between the transmission of two different segments having the same sequence number. Second, transport protocols require the network layer to enforce a `Maximum Segment Lifetime (MSL)`. The network layer must ensure that no packet remains in the network for more than MSL seconds. In the Internet the MSL is assumed [#fmsl]_ to be 2 minutes :rfc:`793`. Note that this limits the maximum bandwidth of a transport protocol. If it uses `n` bits to encode its sequence numbers, then it cannot send more than :math:`2^n` segments every MSL seconds." ], "id_hash": -1009705611337590777, "content_hash": -1009705611337590777, "location": "../../principles/transport.rst:856", "context": "", "note": "", "flags": "", "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 147, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 123, "source_unit": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/34892/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 34892, "web_url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/translate/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?checksum=71fcce189c811807", "url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/34892/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-14T10:39:40.287606+02:00" }, { "translation": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/translations/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?format=api", "source": [ "Connection release" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Connection release" ], "id_hash": -1827677447712327826, "content_hash": -1827677447712327826, "location": "../../principles/transport.rst:860", "context": "", "note": "", "flags": "", "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 148, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 2, "source_unit": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/34893/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 34893, "web_url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/translate/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?checksum=66a2c90b751d376e", "url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/34893/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-14T10:39:40.379103+02:00" }, { "translation": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/translations/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?format=api", "source": [ "When we discussed the connection-oriented service, we mentioned that there are two types of connection releases : `abrupt release` and `graceful release`." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "When we discussed the connection-oriented service, we mentioned that there are two types of connection releases : `abrupt release` and `graceful release`." ], "id_hash": 4037902757516217546, "content_hash": 4037902757516217546, "location": "../../principles/transport.rst:864", "context": "", "note": "", "flags": "", "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 149, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 22, "source_unit": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/34894/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 34894, "web_url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/translate/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?checksum=b809832a0b530cca", "url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/34894/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-14T10:39:40.475289+02:00" }, { "translation": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/translations/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?format=api", "source": [ "Abrupt connection release" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Abrupt connection release" ], "id_hash": 5249811076777714527, "content_hash": 5249811076777714527, "location": "../../principles/transport.rst:873", "context": "", "note": "", "flags": "", "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 151, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 3, "source_unit": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/34896/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 34896, "web_url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/translate/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?checksum=c8db135c113f235f", "url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/34896/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-14T10:39:40.665074+02:00" }, { "translation": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/translations/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?format=api", "source": [ "As the entity that sends the `DR` segment cannot know whether the other entity has already sent all its data on the connection, SDUs can be lost during such an `abrupt connection release`." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "As the entity that sends the `DR` segment cannot know whether the other entity has already sent all its data on the connection, SDUs can be lost during such an `abrupt connection release`." ], "id_hash": -2947049983508747007, "content_hash": -2947049983508747007, "location": "../../principles/transport.rst:875", "context": "", "note": "", "flags": "", "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 152, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 33, "source_unit": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/34897/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 34897, "web_url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/translate/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?checksum=5719f9a775a3ed01", "url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/34897/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-14T10:39:40.749895+02:00" }, { "translation": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/translations/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?format=api", "source": [ "The second method to release a transport connection is to release independently the two directions of data transfer. Once a user of the transport service has sent all its SDUs, it performs a `DISCONNECT.req` for its direction of data transfer. The transport entity sends a control segment to request the release of the connection *after* the delivery of all previous SDUs to the remote user. This is usually done by placing in the `DR` the next sequence number and by delivering the `DISCONNECT.ind` only after all previous `DATA.ind`. The remote entity confirms the reception of the `DR` segment and the release of the corresponding direction of data transfer by returning an acknowledgment. This is illustrated in the figure below." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "The second method to release a transport connection is to release independently the two directions of data transfer. Once a user of the transport service has sent all its SDUs, it performs a `DISCONNECT.req` for its direction of data transfer. The transport entity sends a control segment to request the release of the connection *after* the delivery of all previous SDUs to the remote user. This is usually done by placing in the `DR` the next sequence number and by delivering the `DISCONNECT.ind` only after all previous `DATA.ind`. The remote entity confirms the reception of the `DR` segment and the release of the corresponding direction of data transfer by returning an acknowledgment. This is illustrated in the figure below." ], "id_hash": 7025869530507122516, "content_hash": 7025869530507122516, "location": "../../principles/transport.rst:879", "context": "", "note": "", "flags": "", "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 153, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 119, "source_unit": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/34898/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 34898, "web_url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/translate/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?checksum=e180e71d041e1754", "url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/34898/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-14T10:39:40.829469+02:00" }, { "translation": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/translations/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?format=api", "source": [ "Graceful connection release" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Graceful connection release" ], "id_hash": -565327599559992667, "content_hash": -565327599559992667, "location": "../../principles/transport.rst:885", "context": "", "note": "", "flags": "", "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 154, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 3, "source_unit": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/34899/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 34899, "web_url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/translate/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?checksum=78278d8b1e809aa5", "url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/34899/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-14T10:39:40.932200+02:00" }, { "translation": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/translations/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?format=api", "source": [ "Footnotes" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Footnotes" ], "id_hash": 4927974446680086946, "content_hash": 4927974446680086946, "location": "../../principles/transport.rst:890", "context": "", "note": "", "flags": "", "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 155, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 1, "source_unit": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/34900/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 34900, "web_url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/translate/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?checksum=c463aea6549199a2", "url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/34900/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-14T10:39:41.021634+02:00" }, { "translation": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/translations/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?format=api", "source": [ "For example, the :manpage:`htonl(3)` (resp. :manpage:`ntohl(3)`) function the standard C library converts a 32-bits unsigned integer from the byte order used by the CPU to the network byte order (resp. from the network byte order to the CPU byte order). Similar functions exist in other programming languages." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "For example, the :manpage:`htonl(3)` (resp. :manpage:`ntohl(3)`) function the standard C library converts a 32-bits unsigned integer from the byte order used by the CPU to the network byte order (resp. from the network byte order to the CPU byte order). Similar functions exist in other programming languages." ], "id_hash": 5804071776441306100, "content_hash": 5804071776441306100, "location": "../../principles/transport.rst:891", "context": "", "note": "", "flags": "", "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 156, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 47, "source_unit": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/34901/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 34901, "web_url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/translate/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?checksum=d08c348785a78bf4", "url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/34901/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-14T10:39:41.109341+02:00" }, { "translation": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/translations/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?format=api", "source": [ "In the application layer, most servers are implemented as processes. The network and transport layer on the other hand are usually implemented inside the operating system and the amount of memory that they can use is limited by the amount of memory allocated to the entire kernel." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "In the application layer, most servers are implemented as processes. The network and transport layer on the other hand are usually implemented inside the operating system and the amount of memory that they can use is limited by the amount of memory allocated to the entire kernel." ], "id_hash": -4766143431224158640, "content_hash": -4766143431224158640, "location": "../../principles/transport.rst:893", "context": "", "note": "", "flags": "", "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 157, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 47, "source_unit": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/34902/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 34902, "web_url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/translate/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?checksum=3ddb41cd29529650", "url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/34902/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-14T10:39:41.191915+02:00" }, { "translation": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/translations/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?format=api", "source": [ "For a discussion on how the sending buffer can change, see e.g. [SMM1998]_" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "For a discussion on how the sending buffer can change, see e.g. [SMM1998]_" ], "id_hash": -5208320019180113945, "content_hash": -5208320019180113945, "location": "../../principles/transport.rst:895", "context": "", "note": "", "flags": "", "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 158, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 13, "source_unit": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/34904/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 34904, "web_url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/translate/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?checksum=37b854899436afe7", "url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/34904/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-14T10:39:41.381721+02:00" }, { "translation": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/translations/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?format=api", "source": [ "Note that if the receive window shrinks, it might happen that the sender has already sent a segment that is not anymore inside its window. This segment will be discarded by the receiver and the sender will retransmit it later." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Note that if the receive window shrinks, it might happen that the sender has already sent a segment that is not anymore inside its window. This segment will be discarded by the receiver and the sender will retransmit it later." ], "id_hash": 4033255979754686464, "content_hash": 4033255979754686464, "location": "../../principles/transport.rst:897", "context": "", "note": "", "flags": "", "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 159, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 40, "source_unit": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/34905/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 34905, "web_url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/translate/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?checksum=b7f900f1c97f8800", "url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/34905/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-14T10:39:41.467579+02:00" }, { "translation": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/translations/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?format=api", "source": [ "In reality, the Internet does not strictly enforce this MSL. However, it is reasonable to expect that most packets on the Internet will not remain in the network during more than 2 minutes. There are a few exceptions to this rule, such as :rfc:`1149` whose implementation is described in http://www.blug.linux.no/rfc1149/ but there are few real links supporting :rfc:`1149` in the Internet." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "In reality, the Internet does not strictly enforce this MSL. However, it is reasonable to expect that most packets on the Internet will not remain in the network during more than 2 minutes. There are a few exceptions to this rule, such as :rfc:`1149` whose implementation is described in http://www.blug.linux.no/rfc1149/ but there are few real links supporting :rfc:`1149` in the Internet." ], "id_hash": 5891733429401170783, "content_hash": 5891733429401170783, "location": "../../principles/transport.rst:899", "context": "", "note": "", "flags": "", "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 160, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 61, "source_unit": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/34906/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 34906, "web_url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/translate/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?checksum=d1c3a4569ac0335f", "url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/34906/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2019-10-14T10:39:41.560114+02:00" }, { "translation": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/translations/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?format=api", "source": [ "There are two important models used to organize a networked application. The first and oldest model is the client-server model. In this model, a server provides services to clients that exchange information with it. This model is highly asymmetrical: clients send requests and servers perform actions and return responses. It is illustrated in the figure below." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "There are two important models used to organize a networked application. The first and oldest model is the client-server model. In this model, a server provides services to clients that exchange information with it. This model is highly asymmetrical: clients send requests and servers perform actions and return responses. It is illustrated in the figure below." ], "id_hash": 2206790113170631205, "content_hash": 2206790113170631205, "location": "../../principles/transport.rst:12", "context": "", "note": "", "flags": "", "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 3, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 56, "source_unit": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/37732/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 37732, "web_url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/translate/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?checksum=9ea017ea75612a25", "url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/37732/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-09-17T01:14:37.996290+02:00" }, { "translation": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/translations/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?format=api", "source": [ "The client-server model was the first model to be used to develop networked applications. This model comes naturally from the mainframes and minicomputers that were the only networked computers used until the 1980s. A minicomputer_ is a multi-user system that is used by tens or more users at the same time. Each user interacts with the minicomputer by using a terminal. Such a terminal was mainly a screen, a keyboard and a cable directly connected to the minicomputer." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "The client-server model was the first model to be used to develop networked applications. This model comes naturally from the mainframes and minicomputers that were the only networked computers used until the 1980s. A minicomputer_ is a multi-user system that is used by tens or more users at the same time. Each user interacts with the minicomputer by using a terminal. Such a terminal was mainly a screen, a keyboard and a cable directly connected to the minicomputer." ], "id_hash": -5765349505355417691, "content_hash": -5765349505355417691, "location": "../../principles/transport.rst:36", "context": "", "note": "", "flags": "", "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 4, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 78, "source_unit": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/37733/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 37733, "web_url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/translate/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?checksum=2ffd5d2bc750f7a5", "url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/37733/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-09-17T01:14:38.010927+02:00" }, { "translation": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/translations/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?format=api", "source": [ "There are various types of servers as well as various types of clients. A web server provides information in response to the query sent by its clients. A print server prints documents sent as queries by the client. An email server forwards towards their recipient the email messages sent as queries while a music server delivers the music requested by the client. From the viewpoint of the application developer, the client and the server applications directly exchange messages (the horizontal arrows labeled `Queries` and `Responses` in the above figure), but in practice these messages are exchanged thanks to the underlying layers (the vertical arrows in the above figure). In this chapter, we focus on these horizontal exchanges of messages." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "There are various types of servers as well as various types of clients. A web server provides information in response to the query sent by its clients. A print server prints documents sent as queries by the client. An email server forwards towards their recipient the email messages sent as queries while a music server delivers the music requested by the client. From the viewpoint of the application developer, the client and the server applications directly exchange messages (the horizontal arrows labeled `Queries` and `Responses` in the above figure), but in practice these messages are exchanged thanks to the underlying layers (the vertical arrows in the above figure). In this chapter, we focus on these horizontal exchanges of messages." ], "id_hash": 8405469884825789810, "content_hash": 8405469884825789810, "location": "../../principles/transport.rst:38", "context": "", "note": "", "flags": "", "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 5, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 119, "source_unit": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/37734/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 37734, "web_url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/translate/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?checksum=f4a63a537f48e572", "url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/37734/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-09-17T01:14:38.024801+02:00" }, { "translation": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/translations/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?format=api", "source": [ "Human conversations can be very formal, e.g. when soldiers communicate with their hierarchy, or informal such as when friends discuss. Computers that communicate are more akin to soldiers and require well-defined rules to ensure a successful exchange of information. There are two types of rules that define how information can be exchanged between computers :" ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Human conversations can be very formal, e.g. when soldiers communicate with their hierarchy, or informal such as when friends discuss. Computers that communicate are more akin to soldiers and require well-defined rules to ensure a successful exchange of information. There are two types of rules that define how information can be exchanged between computers :" ], "id_hash": -4551601437381612453, "content_hash": -4551601437381612453, "location": "../../principles/transport.rst:68", "context": "", "note": "", "flags": "", "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 21, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 55, "source_unit": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/37735/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 37735, "web_url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/translate/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?checksum=40d5769badb62c5b", "url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/37735/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-09-17T01:14:38.050356+02:00" }, { "translation": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/translations/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?format=api", "source": [ "Syntactical rules that precisely define the format of the messages that are exchanged. As computers only process bits, the syntactical rules specify how information is encoded as bit strings." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Syntactical rules that precisely define the format of the messages that are exchanged. As computers only process bits, the syntactical rules specify how information is encoded as bit strings." ], "id_hash": -8430951029733368791, "content_hash": -8430951029733368791, "location": "../../principles/transport.rst:70", "context": "", "note": "", "flags": "", "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 22, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 29, "source_unit": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/37736/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 37736, "web_url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/translate/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?checksum=aff3eb522075c29", "url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/37736/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-09-17T01:14:38.063783+02:00" }, { "translation": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/translations/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?format=api", "source": [ "Organization of the information flow. For many applications, the flow of information must be structured and there are precedence relationships between the different types of information. In the time example above, Alice must greet Bob before asking for the current time. Alice would not ask for the current time first and greet Bob afterwards. Such precedence relationships exist in networked applications as well. For example, a server must receive a username and a valid password before accepting more complex commands from its clients." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "Organization of the information flow. For many applications, the flow of information must be structured and there are precedence relationships between the different types of information. In the time example above, Alice must greet Bob before asking for the current time. Alice would not ask for the current time first and greet Bob afterwards. Such precedence relationships exist in networked applications as well. For example, a server must receive a username and a valid password before accepting more complex commands from its clients." ], "id_hash": 7965498803600993713, "content_hash": 7965498803600993713, "location": "../../principles/transport.rst:71", "context": "", "note": "", "flags": "", "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 23, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 83, "source_unit": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/37737/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 37737, "web_url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/translate/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?checksum=ee8b22f5776fadb1", "url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/37737/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-09-17T01:14:38.077015+02:00" }, { "translation": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/translations/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?format=api", "source": [ "A network is always designed and built to enable applications running on hosts to exchange information. In a previous chapter, we have explained the principles of the `network layer` that enables hosts connected to different types of datalink layers to exchange information through routers. These routers act as relays in the network layer and ensure the delivery of packets between any pair of hosts attached to the network." ], "previous_source": "", "target": [ "A network is always designed and built to enable applications running on hosts to exchange information. In a previous chapter, we have explained the principles of the `network layer` that enables hosts connected to different types of datalink layers to exchange information through routers. These routers act as relays in the network layer and ensure the delivery of packets between any pair of hosts attached to the network." ], "id_hash": -810609486231714876, "content_hash": -810609486231714876, "location": "../../principles/transport.rst:126", "context": "", "note": "", "flags": "", "state": 100, "fuzzy": false, "translated": true, "approved": false, "position": 48, "has_suggestion": false, "has_comment": false, "has_failing_check": false, "num_words": 68, "source_unit": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/37738/?format=api", "priority": 100, "id": 37738, "web_url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/translate/cnp3-ebook/principlestransport/en/?checksum=74c022f79198c3c4", "url": "https://weblate.info.ucl.ac.be/api/units/37738/?format=api", "explanation": "", "extra_flags": "", "pending": false, "timestamp": "2022-09-17T01:14:38.111556+02:00" } ] }