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Note that the path preferred by ``AS3`` to reach ``AS1`` is different.
Note that the path preferred by ``AS3`` to reach ``AS1`` is different.
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We can now explore the routes in this small Internet. Host ``h1`` can reach directly host ``h3``.
We can now explore the routes in this small Internet. Host ``h1`` can reach directly host ``h3``.
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We have configured the following addresses on the hosts.
We have configured the following addresses on the hosts.
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We can also use :manpage:`traceroute6(8)` to check the path followed by the packets. Before doing that, think about the configuration of the BGP routing policies and try to predict the output of :manpage:`traceroute6(8)`. This is a good exercise to check your understanding of BGP.
We can also use :manpage:`traceroute6(8)` to check the path followed by the packets. Before doing that, think about the configuration of the BGP routing policies and try to predict the output of :manpage:`traceroute6(8)`. This is a good exercise to check your understanding of BGP.
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Remember that BGP is a distributed protocol and that it takes some time to launch the daemons and exchange the messages. After some time, the same command will confirm that everything works as expected.
Remember that BGP is a distributed protocol and that it takes some time to launch the daemons and exchange the messages. After some time, the same command will confirm that everything works as expected.
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If you launch the script and immediately type ``ping6all`` to check the connectivity, you might obtained the following result.
If you launch the script and immediately type ``ping6all`` to check the connectivity, you might obtained the following result.
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We can now run this simple network.
We can now run this simple network.
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The script ends by launching the full topology. The entire script is available from :download:`/exercises/ipmininet_scripts/ebgp-simple.py`.
The script ends by launching the full topology. The entire script is available from :download:`/exercises/ipmininet_scripts/ebgp-simple.py`.
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The last step is to specify to which AS each router belongs and to configure the eBGP sessions and their routing policies. IPMininet_ abstracts most of the complexity of the configuration of these policies by supporting two policies
The last step is to specify to which AS each router belongs and to configure the eBGP sessions and their routing policies. IPMininet_ abstracts most of the complexity of the configuration of these policies by supporting two policies
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The `addDaemon` method adds a BGP daemon on each router and configures it to advertise the IPv6 prefix allocated to this AS. We then create all the links and manually assign one IPv6 subnet to each link and one IPv6 address to each interface. For the interdomain links, we use an IPv6 prefix that belongs to one of the attached ASes.
The `addDaemon` method adds a BGP daemon on each router and configures it to advertise the IPv6 prefix allocated to this AS. We then create all the links and manually assign one IPv6 subnet to each link and one IPv6 address to each interface. For the interdomain links, we use an IPv6 prefix that belongs to one of the attached ASes.
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``AS3`` is assigned ``2001:cafe:3::/48``
``AS3`` is assigned ``2001:cafe:3::/48``
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``AS2`` is assigned ``2001:cafe:2::/48``
``AS2`` is assigned ``2001:cafe:2::/48``
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``AS1`` is assigned ``2001:cafe:1::/48``
``AS1`` is assigned ``2001:cafe:1::/48``
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As in the previous examples, we create the routers and associate one IPv6 prefix to each AS:
As in the previous examples, we create the routers and associate one IPv6 prefix to each AS:
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To explore the configuration of BGP, let us consider a network that contains three ASes: ``AS1``, ``AS2`` and ``AS3``. To simplify the tests, we identify one host inside each of these ASes.
To explore the configuration of BGP, let us consider a network that contains three ASes: ``AS1``, ``AS2`` and ``AS3``. To simplify the tests, we identify one host inside each of these ASes.
a month ago
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Exploring BGP
Exploring BGP
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The packet traces collected on the three routers of this example are available from :download:`/exercises/traces/ripng-r1-trace.pcap`, :download:`/exercises/traces/ripng-r2-trace.pcap` and :download:`/exercises/traces/ripng-r3-trace.pcap`.
The packet traces collected on the three routers of this example are available from :download:`/exercises/traces/ripng-r1-trace.pcap`, :download:`/exercises/traces/ripng-r2-trace.pcap` and :download:`/exercises/traces/ripng-r3-trace.pcap`.
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Later, router ``r2`` will regularly transmit its distance vector inside an unsolicited response message that is sent towards the IPv6 multicast address ``ff02::9``.
Later, router ``r2`` will regularly transmit its distance vector inside an unsolicited response message that is sent towards the IPv6 multicast address ``ff02::9``.
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Router ``r2`` receives a similar request from ``fe80::481a:48ff:fed7:292e`` and replies by sending its routing table in a response message. Note that this message is sent to the link-local address of the requesting router.
Router ``r2`` receives a similar request from ``fe80::481a:48ff:fed7:292e`` and replies by sending its routing table in a response message. Note that this message is sent to the link-local address of the requesting router.
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When a router starts, it sends a request message. This is illustrated in the figure below with the first message sent by router ``r2``. This message is sent inside an IPv6 packet whose source address is the link-local address of the router and the destination address is ``ff02::9`` which is the reserved multicast address for RIPng.
When a router starts, it sends a request message. This is illustrated in the figure below with the first message sent by router ``r2``. This message is sent inside an IPv6 packet whose source address is the link-local address of the router and the destination address is ``ff02::9`` which is the reserved multicast address for RIPng.
a month ago

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