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The `RD` (recursion desired) bit is set by a client when it sends a query to a resolver. Such a query is said to be `recursive` because the resolver will recursively traverse the DNS hierarchy to retrieve the answer on behalf of the client. In the past, all resolvers were configured to perform recursive queries on behalf of any Internet host. However, this exposes the resolvers to several security risks. The simplest one is that the resolver could become overloaded by having too many recursive queries to process. Most resolvers [#f8888]_ only allow recursive queries from clients belonging to their company or network and discard all other recursive queries. The `RA` bit indicates whether the server supports recursion. The `RCODE` is used to distinguish between different types of errors. See :rfc:`1035` for additional details. The last four fields indicate the size of the `Question`, `Answer`, `Authority` and `Additional` sections of the DNS message.
Le bit `RD` (recursion desired) est activé par un client lorsqu'il envoie une requête à un résolveur. Une telle requête est dite "récursive" parce que le résolveur va parcourir récursivement la hiérarchie DNS pour trouver la réponse au nom du client. Dans le passé, tous les résolveurs étaient configurés pour effectuer des requêtes récursives pour le compte de n'importe quel hôte Internet. Cependant, cela expose les résolveurs à plusieurs risques de sécurité. Le plus simple est que le résolveur peut être surchargé par un trop grand nombre de requêtes récursives à traiter. La plupart des résolveurs [#f8888]_ n'autorisent que les requêtes récursives des clients appartenant à leur société ou à leur réseau et rejettent toutes les autres requêtes récursives. Le bit `RA` indique si le serveur supporte la récursivité. Le `RCODE` est utilisé pour distinguer les différents types d'erreurs. Voir :rfc:`1035` pour plus de détails. Les quatre derniers champs indiquent la taille des sections `Question`, `Answer`, `Authority` et `Additional` du message DNS.
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