cnp3-ebook/exercises/http — French @ Weblate: The `ipvfoo <https://code.google.com/p/ipvfoo/>`_ extension on google chrome allows the user …

Translation

English

French

Needs editing

Skip

	English	French	Actions
	The HyperText Transfer Protocol
	An important difference between HTTP/1.0, HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/2.0 is their utilization of the underlying transport connections. Answer the three questions below to confirm that you understand the difference between these versions of the HTTP protocol.
	System administrators who are responsible for web servers often want to monitor these servers and check that they are running correctly. As a HTTP server uses TCP on port 80, the simplest solution is to open a TCP connection on port 80 and check that the TCP connection is accepted by the remote host. However, as HTTP/1.x is an ASCII-based protocol, it is also very easy to write a small script that downloads a web page on the server and compares its content with the expected one. Use `telnet` or `ncat` to verify that a web server is running on host `www.computer-networking.info` [#fhttp]_.
	Instead of using `telnet` on port 80, it is also possible to use a command-line tool such as curl_. Use curl_ with the `--trace-ascii tracefile` option to store in `tracefile` all the information exchanged by curl_ when accessing the server.
	What is the version of HTTP used by your version of curl_ ?
	Can you explain the different headers placed by curl_ in the request ?
	Can you explain the different headers found in the response ?
	HTTP 1.1, specified in :rfc:`2616`, forces the client to include the `Host:` header in all its requests. HTTP 1.0 does not define the `Host:` header, but most implementations support it. By using `telnet` and `curl` retrieve the first page of the https://www.computer-networking.info web server [#fhttps]_ by sending http requests with and without the `Host:` header. Explain the difference between the two.
	The headers sent in a HTTP request allow the client to provide additional information to the server. One of these headers is the `Accept-Language` header that allows indicating the preferred language of the client [#flang]_. For example, `curl -HAccept-Language:en http://www.google.be` will send to `http://www.google.be` a HTTP request indicating English (`en`) as the preferred language. Does google provides a different page in French (`fr`) and Walloon (`wa`) ? Same question for `http://www.uclouvain.be` (given the size of the homepage, use ``diff`` to compare the different pages retrieved from `www.uclouvain.be`).
	Compare the size of the http://www.yahoo.com and http://www.google.com web pages by downloading them with curl_.
	The `ipvfoo <https://code.google.com/p/ipvfoo/>`_ extension on google chrome allows the user to visually detect whether a website is using IPv6 and IPv4, but also to see which web sites have been contacted when rendering a given web page. Some websites are distributed over several dozens of different servers. Can you find one ?
	Some websites are reachable over both IPv4 and IPv6 while others are only reachable over IPv4 [#fv6only]_. You can use the `-6` (resp. `-4`) option to force curl_ to only use IPv6 (resp. IPv4). Verify that `www.computer-networking.info` is reachable over IPv6 and IPv4 and then check whether your university website already supports IPv6.
	curl_ supports a huge number of options and parameters that are described in its `man page <https://curl.haxx.se/docs/manpage.html>`_ Some of them allow you to force the utilization of a specific version of HTTP. These include `--http0.9`, `--http1.0`, `--http1.1` and `--http2`. Using the latter, verify whether your favorite website supports HTTP/2.0.
	As for the DNS, besides using software tools that implement the HTTP protocols, it can also be useful to analyze packet traces with wireshark_ . The exercises below contain simple packet traces collected with different versions of the HTTP protocol.
	Footnotes	Notes de pied de page
	The minimum command sent to a HTTP server is `GET / HTTP/1.0` followed by CRLF and a blank line.
	This syllabus is now hosted on a web server using HTTPS (port 443) instead of HTTP (port 80).
	The list of available language tags can be found at http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry. Versions in other formats are available at http://www.langtag.net/registries.html. Additional information about the support of multiple languages in Internet protocols may be found in rfc5646_.
	There are probably very few websites that only support IPv6 and not IPv4. If you find one, let us know by submitting a pull-request to change this exercise.

Loading…

None

Source string added

English 0 characters edited

4 years ago

Browse all string changes

Glossary

English	French
No related strings found in the glossary.

30326 String information

Source string location

../../exercises/http.rst:31

String age

4 years ago

Last updated

2 months ago

Source string age

4 years ago

Translation file

locale/fr/LC_MESSAGES/exercises/http.po, string 11

Shortcut	Action
`?`	Open available keyboard shortcuts.
`Alt` + `Home`	Navigate to the first translation in the current search.
`Alt` + `End`	Navigate to the last translation in the current search.
`Alt` + `PageUp` or `Ctrl` + `↑` or `Alt` + `↑` or `Cmd` + `↑` or	Navigate to the previous translation in the current search.
`Alt` + `PageDown` or `Ctrl` + `↓` or `Alt` + `↓` or `Cmd` + `↓` or	Navigate to the next translation in the current search.
`Ctrl` + `Enter` or `Cmd` + `Enter`	Submit current form; this works the same as pressing Save and continue while editing translation.
`Ctrl` + `Shift` + `Enter` or `Cmd` + `Shift` +`Enter`	Unmark translation as Needing edit and submit it.
`Alt` + `Enter` or `Option` + `Enter`	Submit the string as a suggestion; this works the same as pressing Suggest while editing translation.
`Ctrl` + `E` or `Cmd` + `E`	Focus on translation editor.
`Ctrl` + `U` or `Cmd` + `U`	Focus on comment editor.
`Ctrl` + `M` or `Cmd` + `M`	Shows Automatic suggestions tab.
`Ctrl` + `1` to `Ctrl` + `9` or `Cmd` + `1` to `Cmd` + `9`	Copies placeable of a given number from source string.
`Ctrl` + `M` followed by `1` to `9` or `Cmd` + `M` followed by `1` to `9`	Copy the machine translation of a given number to current translation.
`Ctrl` + `I` followed by `1` to `9` or `Cmd` + `I` followed by `1` to `9`	Ignore one item in the list of failing checks.
`Ctrl` + `J` or `Cmd` + `J`	Shows the Nearby strings tab.
`Ctrl` + `S` or `Cmd` + `S`	Focus on search field.
`Ctrl` + `O` or `Cmd` + `O`	Copy the source string.
`Ctrl` + `Y` or `Cmd` + `Y`	Toggle the Needs editing checkbox.
`→`	Browse the next translation string.
`←`	Browse the previous translation string.