Exit Zen
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../../exercises/transport.rst:105
English
In the above example, the two `DATA` segments were lost before arriving at the destination. Discuss the following scenario and explain how the receiver should react to the reception of the last `DATA` segment.
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../../principles/naming.rst:73
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This grammar specifies that a host name is an ordered list of labels separated by the dot (`.`) character. Each label can contain letters, numbers and the hyphen character (`-`) [#fidn]_. Fully qualified domain names are read from left to right. The first label is a hostname or a domain name followed by the hierarchy of domains and ending with the root implicitly at the right. The top-level domain name must be one of the registered TLDs [#ftld]_. For example, in the above figure, `www.computer-networking.info` corresponds to a host named `www` inside the `computer-networking` domain that belongs to the `info` top-level domain.
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../../principles/network.rst:68
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To understand the key principles behind the operation of a network, let us analyze all the operations that need to be performed to allow host `A` in the above network to send one byte to host `B`. Thanks to the datalink layer used above the `A-R1` link, host `A` can easily send a byte to router `R1` inside a frame. However, upon reception of this frame, router `R1` needs to understand that this byte is destined to host `B` and not to itself. This is the objective of the network layer.
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../../principles/referencemodels.rst:40
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the Physical layer may deliver `fewer` bits to the receiver than the bits sent by the sender
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../../principles/reliability.rst:49
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Bits per second
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../../principles/transport.rst:32
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Bob : `11:55`
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../../protocols/dns.rst:48
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DNS Resource Records
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../../bibliography.rst:40
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Chiu, D., Jain, R., `Analysis of the Increase and Decrease Algorithms for Congestion Avoidance in Computer Networks <https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-7552(89)90019-6>`_, Computer Networks and ISDN Systems Vol 17, pp 1-14, 1989
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../../glossary.rst:50
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The Advanced Research Project Agency (ARPA) Network is a network that was built by network scientists in USA with funding from the ARPA of the US Ministry of Defense. ARPANET is considered as the grandfather of today's Internet.
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../../exercises/ex-sharing.rst:260
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CSMA/CD does not use acknowledgments but instead assumes that each host can detect collisions by listening while transmitting. Consider a 2 kilometers long cable running at 10 Mbps. Show in the figure below the utilization of the communication channel and the collisions that would occur. For this exercise, do not attempt to retransmit the frames that have collided.
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../../exercises/network.rst:101
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Is it possible to configure the link weights so that the packets sent by the router located in `Los Angeles` to router located in `New York` follow one path while the packets sent by the router located in `New York` to the router located in `Los Angeles` follow a completely different path ?
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../../exercises/reliability.rst:33
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Each acknowledgment contains `c` bytes of control information
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../../exercises/sockets.rst:120
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The first argument is the file descriptor of the socket that we use to perform the communication. ``buf`` is a buffer of length ``len`` containing the bytes to send to the peer. The usage of ``flags`` argument is out of the scope of this section and can be set to 0. ``dest_addr`` is the socket address of the destination to which we want to send the bytes, its length is passed using the ``addrlen`` argument.
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../../exercises/transport.rst:122
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A network layer service guarantees that a packet will never live during more than 100 seconds inside the network. Consider a reliable connection-oriented transport protocol that places a 32 bits sequence number inside each segment. What is the maximum rate (in segments per second) at which is should sent data segments to prevent having two segments with the same sequence number inside the network ?
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../../principles/naming.rst:75
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Some visually similar characters have different character codes
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../../principles/referencemodels.rst:54 • ../../principles/referencemodels.rst:65
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The Datalink layer
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../../principles/reliability.rst:51
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1 Kbps
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../../principles/sharing.rst:53
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A fifth physical organization of a network is the tree. Such networks are typically used when a large number of customers must be connected in a very cost-effective manner. Cable TV networks are often organized as trees.
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../../principles/transport.rst:33
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Alice : `Thank you`
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../../bibliography.rst:48
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Clark D., `The Design Philosophy of the DARPA Internet Protocols <https://dx.doi.org/10.1145/205447.205458>`_, Computer Communications Review 18:4, August 1988, pp. 106-114
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