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82 ../../exercises/ipv6.rst:760
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — It is possible to execute any of the standard Linux commands to configure the network stack on any of the hosts by prefixing the command with the corresponding host. Remember to always specify ``inet6`` as the address family to retrieve the IPv6 information. 258/10000 · 258
82 ../../exercises/routing-protocols.rst:1228
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — What is the Loc-RIB of ``AS6`` for prefix `p9` ? Indicate which is the best route towards this prefix. 102/10000 · 102
82 ../../protocols/bgp.rst:319
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — A common utilization of `local-pref` is to support backup links. Consider the situation depicted in the figure below. `AS1` would always like to use the high bandwidth link to send and receive packets via `AS2` and only use the backup link upon failure of the primary one. 272/10000 · 272
82 ../../protocols/email.rst:240
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — 21 2/10000 · 2
82 ../../protocols/ethernet.rst:355
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — 10 Mbps 7/10000 · 7
82 ../../protocols/http.rst:449
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — Favorite icons are small icons that are used to represent web servers in the toolbar of Internet browsers. Microsoft added this feature in their browsers without taking into account the W3C standards. See http://www.w3.org/2005/10/howto-favicon for a discussion on how to cleanly support such favorite icons. 308/10000 · 308
82 ../../protocols/ipv6.rst:331
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — Apart from the source and destination addresses, the IPv6 header contains the following fields : 96/10000 · 96
82 ../../protocols/ethernet.rst:314
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — The Spanning Tree Protocol (802.1d) 35/10000 · 35
82 ../../protocols/tcp.rst:257
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — For each established TCP connection, a TCP implementation must maintain a Transmission Control Block (:term:`TCB`). A TCB contains all the information required to send and receive segments on this connection :rfc:`793`. This includes [#ftcpurgent]_ : 250/10000 · 250
82 ../../protocols/tls.rst:413
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — Enterprises, privacy and TLS 28/10000 · 28
82 ../../bibliography.rst:106
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — Krombholz, K., Mayer, W., Schmiedecker, M. and Weippl, E., 2017. `" I Have No Idea What I'm Doing" - On the Usability of Deploying HTTPS <https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity17/technical-sessions/presentation/krombholz>`_. In 26th {USENIX} Security Symposium ({USENIX} Security 17) (pp. 1339-1356). 310/10000 · 310
82 ../../principles/sharing.rst:549
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — CSMA improves channel utilization compared to ALOHA. However, the performance can still be improved, especially in wired networks. Consider the situation of two terminals that are connected to the same cable. This cable could, for example, be a coaxial cable as in the early days of Ethernet [Metcalfe1976]_. It could also be built with twisted pairs. Before extending CSMA, it is useful to understand, more intuitively, how frames are transmitted in such a network and how collisions can occur. The figure below illustrates the physical transmission of a frame on such a cable. To transmit its frame, host A must send an electrical signal on the shared medium. The first step is thus to begin the transmission of the electrical signal. This is point `(1)` in the figure below. This electrical signal will travel along the cable. Although electrical signals travel fast, we know that information cannot travel faster than the speed of light (i.e. 300.000 kilometers/second). On a coaxial cable, an electrical signal is slightly slower than the speed of light and 200.000 kilometers per second is a reasonable estimation. This implies that if the cable has a length of one kilometer, the electrical signal will need 5 microseconds to travel from one end of the cable to the other. The ends of coaxial cables are equipped with termination points that ensure that the electrical signal is not reflected back to its source. This is illustrated at point `(3)` in the figure, where the electrical signal has reached the left endpoint and host B. At this point, B starts to receive the frame being transmitted by A. Notice that there is a delay between the transmission of a bit on host A and its reception by host B. If there were other hosts attached to the cable, they would receive the first bit of the frame at slightly different times. As we will see later, this timing difference is a key problem for MAC algorithms. At point `(4)`, the electrical signal has reached both ends of the cable and occupies it completely. Host A continues to transmit the electrical signal until the end of the frame. As shown at point `(5)`, when the sending host stops its transmission, the electrical signal corresponding to the end of the frame leaves the coaxial cable. The channel becomes empty again once the entire electrical signal has been removed from the cable. 2352/10000 · 2352
83 ../../glossary.rst:80
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — is the version 6 of the Internet Protocol, the connectionless network layer protocol which is intended to replace IPv4. IP version 6 addresses are encoded as a 128 bits field. 175/10000 · 175
83 ../../principles/reliability.rst:272
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — **DLE STX DLE ETX** 19/10000 · 19
83 ../../principles/sharing.rst:555
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — Frame transmission on a shared bus 34/10000 · 34
83 ../../principles/transport.rst:524
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — The `request-response service` is a compromise between the `connectionless service` and the `connection-oriented service`. Many applications need to send a small amount of data and receive a small amount of information back. This is similar to procedure calls in programming languages. A call to a procedure takes a few arguments and returns a simple answer. In a network, it is sometimes useful to execute a procedure on a different host and receive the result of the computation. Executing a procedure on another host is often called Remote Procedure Call. It is possible to use the `connectionless service` for this application. However, since this service is usually unreliable, this would force the application to deal with any type of error that could occur. Using the `connection oriented service` is another alternative. This service ensures the reliable delivery of the data, but a connection must be created before the beginning of the data transfer. This overhead can be important for applications that only exchange a small amount of data. 1051/10000 · 1051
83 ../../principles/security.rst:935
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — From her knowledge of :math:`a` and :math:`B`, Alice can compute :math:`Secret=B^{a} \mod p= (g^{b} \mod p) ^{a} \mod p=g^{a \times b} \mod p` 142/10000 · 142
83 ../../exercises/ipv6.rst:770
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — Host ``a`` has two interfaces: the standard loopback interface and a network interface named ``a-eth0`` that is attached to router ``r1``. We can also verify how the IPv6 addresses have been configured: 202/10000 · 202
83 ../../exercises/routing-protocols.rst:1230
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — What is the Loc-RIB of ``AS9`` for prefix `p2` ? Indicate which is the best route towards this prefix. 102/10000 · 102
83 ../../protocols/bgp.rst:325
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — How to create a backup link with BGP ? 38/10000 · 38