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88 ../../principles/sharing.rst:580
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — The worst collision on a shared bus 35/10000 · 35
88 ../../principles/security.rst:953
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — Bob chooses a secret integer : :math:`b=13` and sends :math:`B= g^{b} \mod p=5^{13} \mod 23=21` to Alice 104/10000 · 104
88 ../../exercises/ipv6.rst:819
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — When debugging a network, it can be interesting to capture packets using tcpdump_ on specific links to check that they follow the expect. If you use tcpdump_ without any filter, you will capture the packets generated by xterm. To capture packets, you need to specify precise filters that will match the packets of interest. For traceroute6, you need to match the IPv6 packets that contain UDP segments and some ICMPv6 packets. The script below provides a simple filter that you can reuse. It takes one argument: the name of the interface on which tcpdump_ needs to run. 569/10000 · 569
88 ../../exercises/routing-protocols.rst:1312
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — The network does not provide a full connectivity. The hosts attached to ``AS5`` cannot ping the hosts attached to ``AS8``. 122/10000 · 122
88 ../../protocols/bgp.rst:352
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — How to prefer a cheap link over an more expensive one ? 55/10000 · 55
88 ../../protocols/email.rst:242
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — F 1/10000 · 1
88 ../../protocols/ethernet.rst:358
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — 2000 4/10000 · 4
88 ../../protocols/ipv6.rst:338
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — `Hop Limit` : this 8-bit field indicates the number of routers that can forward the packet. It is decremented by one by each router and prevents packets from looping forever inside the network. 193/10000 · 193
88 ../../protocols/ethernet.rst:334
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — the `identifier` of the root switch (`R`) 41/10000 · 41
88 ../../protocols/tcp.rst:264
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — the `maximum segment size` (MSS) 32/10000 · 32
88 ../../protocols/tls.rst:510
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — The server sends a CertificatRequest message. The client returns its certificate and signs the Handshake with is private key. This confirms to the server that the client owns the public key indicated in its certificate. 219/10000 · 219
88 ../../principles/transport.rst:556
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — the network layer may corrupt data; 35/10000 · 35
89 ../../glossary.rst:38
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — The International Standardization Organization is an agency of the United Nations that is based in Geneva and develop standards on various topics. Within ISO, country representatives vote to approve or reject standards. Most of the work on the development of ISO standards is done in expert working groups. Additional information about ISO may be obtained from https://www.iso.org 380/10000 · 380
89 ../../principles/network.rst:457 • ../../principles/network.rst:499 • ../../principles/network.rst:511 • ../../principles/network.rst:523 • ../../principles/network.rst:535
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — outgoing interface 18/10000 · 18
89 ../../principles/reliability.rst:316
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — In this section, we develop a reliable datalink protocol running above the physical layer service. To design this protocol, we first assume that the physical layer provides a perfect service. We will then develop solutions to recover from the transmission errors. 263/10000 · 263
89 ../../principles/sharing.rst:583
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — Furthermore, on the wired networks where CSMA/CD is used, collisions are almost the only cause of transmission errors that affect frames. Transmission errors that only affect a few bits inside a frame seldom occur in these wired networks. For this reason, the designers of CSMA/CD chose to completely remove the acknowledgment frames in the datalink layer. When a host transmits a frame, it verifies whether its transmission has been affected by a collision. If not, given the negligible Bit Error Ratio of the underlying network, it assumes that the frame was received correctly by its destination. Otherwise the frame is retransmitted after some delay. 654/10000 · 654
89 ../../principles/security.rst:955
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — Alice computes :math:`S_{A}=B^{a} \mod p= 21^{8} \mod 23=3` 59/10000 · 59
89 ../../exercises/ipv6.rst:827
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — Starting from the :download:`/exercises/ipmininet_scripts/static-1.py` IPMininet_ script, we can explore classical problems when networks are configured with static routes. A first problem is when a router has an incomplete forwarding table. We configure the static routes as shown below. The entire script is available from :download:`/exercises/ipmininet_scripts/static-1-hole.py`. 383/10000 · 383
89 ../../exercises/routing-protocols.rst:1327
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — What is the path that packets follow from a host attached to ``AS1`` to a host attached to ``AS8`` ? 100/10000 · 100
89 ../../protocols/bgp.rst:354
	English ↹ ↵ NBS … “ ” ‘ ’ ﹙-﹚ ‐ – — `AS1` can install the following import filter on `R1` to ensure that it always sends packets via `R2` when it has learned a route via `AS2` and another via `AS4`. 162/10000 · 162