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../../bibliography.rst:308
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Ramakrishnan, K. K. and Jain, R., `A binary feedback scheme for congestion avoidance in computer networks with a connectionless network layer <http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/205447.205461>`_. SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review 25, 1 (Jan. 1995), 138-156.
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../../glossary.rst:65
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a frame is the unit of information transfer in the datalink layer
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../../principles/reliability.rst:199
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If the physical layer were perfect, the problem would be very simple. We would simply need to define how to encode each frame as a sequence of consecutive bits. The receiver would then easily be able to extract the frames from the received bits. Unfortunately, the imperfections of the physical layer make this framing problem slightly more complex. Several solutions have been proposed and are used in practice in different network technologies.
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../../principles/security.rst:450
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SHA-1 is a cryptographic hash function that was standardized by the NIST in 1995. It outputs 160 bits results. It is now used in a variety of network protocols.
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../../exercises/ipv6.rst:474
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``p:0001::/64`` used on the link ``A2-R3``. ``A2`` uses address ``p:0001::A2/64``
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../../exercises/routing-protocols.rst:540
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We can also use :manpage:`traceroute6(8)` to check the path followed by the packets. Before doing that, think about the configuration of the BGP routing policies and try to predict the output of :manpage:`traceroute6(8)`. This is a good exercise to check your understanding of BGP.
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../../exercises/tcp-2.rst:641
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the sender/receiver performs a single :manpage:`send(3)` of `x` bytes
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../../protocols/bgp.rst:135
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In the remainder of this chapter, and although all routing information is exchanged using BGP `UPDATE` messages, we assume for simplicity that a BGP message contains only information about one prefix and we use the words :
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../../protocols/congestion.rst:216
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:math:`Throughput<\min(\frac{window}{rtt},\frac{k \times MSS}{rtt \times \sqrt{p}})`
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../../protocols/email.rst:218
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From ASCII to Unicode
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../../protocols/ethernet.rst:179
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Optical fiber but also Category 6 UTP
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../../protocols/http.rst:168
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Similarly, the following header lines can only appear inside HTTP requests sent by a client:
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../../protocols/ipv6.rst:161
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the bottom half is used for the large campus
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../../protocols/ethernet.rst:172
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10Base2
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../../protocols/routing.rst:144
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the routers that have detected the failure flood their updated link state packets in the network
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../../protocols/tcp.rst:141
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Computing TCP's initial sequence number
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../../protocols/tls.rst:212
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the ``ServerKeyExchange`` message is used by the server to transmit the information that is required to perform the key exchange. The content of this message is function of the selected key exchange algorithm.
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../../protocols/wifi.rst:120
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802.11 RTS/CTS frames are used to reserve the transmission channel, in order to transmit one data frame and its acknowledgment. The RTS frames contain a `Duration` and the transmitter and receiver addresses. The `Duration` field of the RTS frame indicates the duration of the entire reservation (i.e. the time required to transmit the CTS, the data frame, the acknowledgments and the required SIFS delays). The CTS frame has the same format as the acknowledgment frame.
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../../bibliography.rst:311
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Ramakrishnan, K.K. and Henry Yang, `The Ethernet Capture Effect: Analysis and Solution <http://www2.research.att.com/~kkrama/papers/capture_camera.pdf>`_, Proceedings of IEEE 19th Conference on Local Computer Networks, MN, Oct. 1994.
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../../glossary.rst:229
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Frame-Relay
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