Exit Zen
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../../principles/reliability.rst:244
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In addition, the :term:`ASCII` table also defines several non-printable or control characters. These characters were designed to allow an application to control a printer or a terminal. These control characters include `CR` and `LF`, that are used to terminate a line, and the `BEL` character which causes the terminal to emit a sound.
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../../principles/transport.rst:229
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The connectionless service
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../../principles/sharing.rst:279
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A first solution to share the available resources among all the devices attached to one Local Area Network is to define, `a priori`, the distribution of the transmission resources among the different devices. If `N` devices need to share the transmission capacities of a LAN operating at `b` Mbps, each device could be allocated a bandwidth of :math:`\frac{b}{N}` Mbps.
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../../principles/security.rst:849
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his/her identity
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../../exercises/ipv6.rst:617
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We can then manually configure the IPv6 addresses of each host/router on each link. Let us start with the links attached to the two hosts.
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../../exercises/routing-protocols.rst:941
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We can fix them by enabling again the BGP session with the `no neighbor 2001:cafe:2:23::3 shutdown` command.
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../../exercises/tcp-2.rst:889
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The variables that are included in TCP_INFO are defined in https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/include/uapi/linux/tcp.h
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../../protocols/bgp.rst:285
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We use the notation `U(prefix, nexthop, attributes)` to represent such a `BGP Update` message in this section. Similarly, `W(prefix)` represents a `BGP withdraw` for the specified prefix. Once the `R1-R2` session has been established, `R1` sends `U(2001:db8:1234::/48,2001:db8::5,AS10)` to `R2` and `R2` sends `U(2001:db8:5678:/48,2001:db8::6,AS20)`. At this point, `R1` can reach `2001:db8:5678::/48` via `2001:db8::6` and `R2` can reach `2001:db8:1234::/48` via `2001:db8::5`.
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../../protocols/email.rst:236
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T
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../../protocols/ethernet.rst:316
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The `Spanning Tree Protocol` (STP), proposed in [Perlman1985]_, is a distributed protocol that is used by switches to reduce the network topology to a spanning tree, so that there are no cycles in the topology. For example, consider the network shown in the figure below. In this figure, each bold line corresponds to an Ethernet to which two Ethernet switches are attached. This network contains several cycles that must be broken to allow Ethernet switches, using the MAC address learning algorithm, to exchange frames.
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../../protocols/http.rst:336
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The client sends a second request for the style sheet of the retrieved web page.
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../../protocols/ipv6.rst:236
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``0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1`` (``::1`` in compact form) is the IPv6 loopback address. This is the address of a logical interface that is always up and running on IPv6 enabled hosts.
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../../protocols/ethernet.rst:207
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Ethernet Switches
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../../protocols/tcp.rst:227
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the last bytes are specific for each type of option
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../../protocols/tls.rst:379
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Improving TLS
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../../glossary.rst:162
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IGRP
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../../principles/network.rst:325
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The packet is too large and router `R1` cannot forward it to router `R2`. It rejects the packet and sends a control packet back to the source (host `A`) to indicate that it cannot forward packets longer than 500 bytes (minus the packet header). The source could react to this control packet by retransmitting the information in smaller packets.
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../../principles/reliability.rst:246
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`NUL`: `0000000` b
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../../principles/transport.rst:231
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The `connectionless service` that we have described earlier is frequently used by users who need to exchange small SDUs. It can be easily built on top of the connectionless network layer service that we have described earlier. Users needing to either send or receive several different and potentially large SDUs, or who need structured exchanges often prefer the `connection-oriented service`.
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../../principles/sharing.rst:283
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Limited resources need to be shared in other environments than Local Area Networks. Since the first radio transmissions by `Marconi <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guglielmo_Marconi>`_ more than one century ago, many applications that exchange information through radio signals have been developed. Each radio signal is an electromagnetic wave whose power is centered around a given frequency. The radio spectrum corresponds to frequencies ranging between roughly 3 KHz and 300 GHz. Frequency allocation plans negotiated among governments reserve most frequency ranges for specific applications such as broadcast radio, broadcast television, mobile communications, aeronautical radio navigation, amateur radio, satellite, etc. Each frequency range is then subdivided into channels and each channel can be reserved for a given application, e.g. a radio broadcaster in a given region.
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