Exit Zen
164
../../protocols/wifi.rst:42
English
An 802.11 independent or adhoc network
0/380 · 38
164
../../protocols/tcp.rst:537
English
As explained earlier, the TCP Timestamp option :rfc:`1323` prevents ambiguities while collecting round-trip-time measurements. It plays another very important role in today's high-bandwidth networks. Since TCP uses 32 bits long sequence numbers, the sequence numbers wrap after the transmission of 4 GBytes of data. With 10 Gbps and soon 100 Gbps interfaces, TCP only needs to transmit during a few seconds before reusing the same sequence number. Given that the Maximum Segment Lifetime is still 2 minutes, several packets, belonging to the same TCP connection could use the same sequence number. If one of these packets is severely delayed through the network, it could reappear at the same time as a packet with the same TCP sequence number. To prevent this problem, most modern TCP implementations associate a TCP timestamp option to each segment on transmission. When a TCP stack receives a TCP segment, it checks that its TCP timestamp is valid and if not the segment is discarded :rfc:`7323`.
0/9990 · 999
165
../../glossary.rst:96
English
SNMP
0/100 · 4
165
../../principles/dv.rst:181
English
The `routing table` is a software data structure which is updated by (one or more) routing protocols. The `routing table` is usually not directly used when forwarding packets. Packet forwarding relies on a more compact data structure which is the `forwarding table`. On high-end routers, the `forwarding table` is implemented directly in hardware while lower performance routers will use a software implementation. A `forwarding table` contains a subset of the information found in the `routing table`. It only contains the nexthops towards each destination that are used to forward packets and no attributes. A `forwarding table` will typically associate each destination to one or more outgoing interface or nexthop router.
0/7250 · 725
165
../../principles/reliability.rst:685
English
Go-back-n and selective repeat
0/300 · 30
165
../../principles/sharing.rst:757
English
Possible allocated transmission rates
0/370 · 37
165
../../protocols/email.rst:264
English
33
0/100 · 2
165
../../protocols/ipv6.rst:540
English
``4`` : Port unreachable. This message indicates that the IPv6 packet was received by the destination, but there was no application listening to the specified port.
0/1640 · 164
165
../../protocols/wifi.rst:47
English
Most WiFi networks are `infrastructure` networks. An `infrastructure` network contains one or more `access points` that are attached to a fixed Local Area Network (usually an Ethernet network) that is connected to other networks such as the Internet. The figure below shows such a network with two access points and four WiFi devices. Each WiFi device is associated to one access point and uses this access point as a relay to exchange frames with the devices that are associated to another access point or reachable through the LAN.
0/5330 · 533
165
../../protocols/tcp.rst:544
English
TCP connection release
0/220 · 22
166
../../glossary.rst:98
English
The Simple Network Management Protocol is a management protocol defined for TCP/IP networks.
0/920 · 92
166
../../principles/linkstate.rst:9
English
Link state routing
0/180 · 18
166
../../principles/sharing.rst:760
English
As shown in the graph above, a rate allocation may be fair but not efficient (e.g. :math:`r_A=0.7,r_B=0.7`), fair and efficient ( e.g. :math:`r_A=1,r_B=1`) or efficient but not fair (e.g. :math:`r_A=1.5,r_B=0.5`). Ideally, the allocation should be both fair and efficient. Unfortunately, maintaining such an allocation with fluctuations in the number of flows that use the network is a challenging problem. Furthermore, there might be several thousands flows that pass through the same link [#fflowslink]_.
0/5060 · 506
166
../../protocols/email.rst:264
English
h
0/100 · 1
166
../../protocols/ipv6.rst:541
English
``2`` : Packet Too Big. The router that was to send the ICMPv6 message received an IPv6 packet that is larger than the MTU of the outgoing link. The ICMPv6 message contains the MTU of this link in bytes. This allows the sending host to implement Path MTU discovery :rfc:`1981`
0/2760 · 276
166
../../protocols/wifi.rst:54
English
An 802.11 infrastructure network
0/320 · 32
166
../../protocols/tcp.rst:548
English
TCP, like most connection-oriented transport protocols, supports two types of connection releases :
0/990 · 99
167
../../glossary.rst:120
English
socket
0/100 · 6
167
../../principles/linkstate.rst:11
English
Link state routing is the second family of routing protocols. While distance vector routers use a distributed algorithm to compute their routing tables, link-state routers exchange messages to allow each router to learn the entire network topology. Based on this learned topology, each router is then able to compute its routing table by using a shortest path computation such as Dijkstra's algorithm [Dijkstra1959]_. A detailed description of this shortest path algorithm may be found in [Wikipedia:Dijkstra]_.
0/5110 · 511
167
../../principles/reliability.rst:693
English
Pipelining improves the performance of reliable protocols
0/570 · 57