cnp3-ebook/exercises/dns — French @ Weblate

Exit Zen

16 ../../exercises/dns.rst:50
	English Assume now that you are residing in a network where there is no DNS resolver and that you need to perform your query manually starting from the DNS root.
	French 0/1530 · 153 Needs editing
17 ../../exercises/dns.rst:52
	English Use `dig` to send a query to one of these root servers to find the IPv6 address of the DNS server(s) (NS record) responsible for the `org` top-level domain
	French 0/1550 · 155 Needs editing
18 ../../exercises/dns.rst:53
	English Use `dig` to send a query to one of these DNS servers to find the IP address of the DNS server(s) (NS record) responsible for `root-servers.org`
	French 0/1440 · 144 Needs editing
19 ../../exercises/dns.rst:54
	English Continue until you find the server responsible for `www.root-servers.org`
	French 0/730 · 73 Needs editing
20 ../../exercises/dns.rst:55
	English What is the lifetime associated to this IPv6 address ?
	French 0/540 · 54 Needs editing
21 ../../exercises/dns.rst:57
	English Perform the same analysis for a popular website such as `www.google.com`. What is the lifetime associated to the corresponding IPv6 address ? If you perform the same request several times, do you always receive the same answer ? Can you explain why a lifetime is associated to the DNS replies ?
	French 0/2940 · 294 Needs editing
22 ../../exercises/dns.rst:59
	English Use `dig` to find the mail relays used by the `uclouvain.be` and `student.uclouvain.be` domains. What is the `TTL` of these records ? Can you explain the preferences used by the `MX` records. You can find more information about the MX records in :rfc:`5321`.
	French 0/2580 · 258 Needs editing
23 ../../exercises/dns.rst:61
	English When `dig` is run, the header section in its output indicates the `id` the DNS identifier used to send the query. Does your implementation of `dig` generates random identifiers ?
	French 0/1780 · 178 Needs editing
24 ../../exercises/dns.rst:73
	English A DNS implementation such as `dig`, and more importantly a name resolver such as bind_ or unbound_, always checks that the received DNS reply contains the same identifier as the DNS request that it sent. Why is this so important ?
	French 0/2300 · 230 Needs editing
25 ../../exercises/dns.rst:75
	English Imagine an attacker who is able to send forged DNS replies to, for example, associate `www.bigbank.com` to his own IP address. How could he attack a DNS implementation that
	French 0/1720 · 172 Needs editing
26 ../../exercises/dns.rst:77
	English sends DNS requests containing always the same identifier
	French 0/560 · 56 Needs editing
27 ../../exercises/dns.rst:78
	English sends DNS requests containing identifiers that are incremented by one after each request
	French 0/880 · 88 Needs editing
28 ../../exercises/dns.rst:79
	English sends DNS requests containing random identifiers
	French 0/480 · 48 Needs editing
29 ../../exercises/dns.rst:81
	English The DNS protocol can run over UDP and over TCP. Most DNS servers prefer to use UDP because it consumes fewer resources on the server. However, TCP is useful when a large answer is expected. Compare `time dig +tcp` and `time dig` to query a root DNS server. Is it faster to receive an answer via TCP or via UDP ?
	French 0/3110 · 311 Needs editing
30 ../../exercises/dns.rst:84
	English Besides `dig`, another way to analyze the DNS is to look at packet traces with tools such as `wireshark <https://www.wireshark.org>`_ or `tcpdump <https://www.tcpdump.org>`_ These tools can capture packets in a network and also display and analyze their content. `Wireshark <https://www.wireshark.org>`_ provides a flexible Graphical User Interface that eases the analysis of the captured packets. The three questions below should help you to better understand the important fields of DNS messages.
	French 0/4990 · 499 Needs editing
31 ../../exercises/dns.rst:93
	English The next three questions ask you to go one step further by predicting the values of specific fields in the DNS messages.
	French 0/1200 · 120 Needs editing
32 ../../exercises/dns.rst:101
	English When a client requests the mapping of a domain name into an IP address to its local resolver, the resolver may need to query a large number of nameservers starting from the root nameserver. The three exercises below show packet traces collected while the resolver was resolving the following names: `www.example.com`, `www.google.com` and `www.computer-networking.info`. If you understand how the DNS operates, you should be able to correctly reorder those packet traces.
	French 0/4710 · 471 Needs editing
33 ../../exercises/dns.rst:112
	English Footnotes
	French Notes de pied de page 21/100 · 9 Needs editing
34 ../../exercises/dns.rst:113
	English On a Linux machine, the Description section of the `dig` man page tells you where `dig` finds the list of nameservers to query.
	French 0/1290 · 129 Needs editing
35 ../../exercises/dns.rst:115
	English You may obtain additional information about the root DNS servers from http://www.root-servers.org
	French 0/970 · 97 Needs editing
The translation has come to an end.

Shortcut	Action
`?`	Open available keyboard shortcuts.
`Alt` + `Home`	Navigate to the first translation in the current search.
`Alt` + `End`	Navigate to the last translation in the current search.
`Alt` + `PageUp` or `Ctrl` + `↑` or `Alt` + `↑` or `Cmd` + `↑` or	Navigate to the previous translation in the current search.
`Alt` + `PageDown` or `Ctrl` + `↓` or `Alt` + `↓` or `Cmd` + `↓` or	Navigate to the next translation in the current search.
`Ctrl` + `Enter` or `Cmd` + `Enter`	Submit current form; this works the same as pressing Save and continue while editing translation.
`Ctrl` + `Shift` + `Enter` or `Cmd` + `Shift` +`Enter`	Unmark translation as Needing edit and submit it.
`Alt` + `Enter` or `Option` + `Enter`	Submit the string as a suggestion; this works the same as pressing Suggest while editing translation.
`Ctrl` + `E` or `Cmd` + `E`	Focus on translation editor.
`Ctrl` + `U` or `Cmd` + `U`	Focus on comment editor.
`Ctrl` + `M` or `Cmd` + `M`	Shows Automatic suggestions tab.
`Ctrl` + `1` to `Ctrl` + `9` or `Cmd` + `1` to `Cmd` + `9`	Copies placeable of a given number from source string.
`Ctrl` + `M` followed by `1` to `9` or `Cmd` + `M` followed by `1` to `9`	Copy the machine translation of a given number to current translation.
`Ctrl` + `I` followed by `1` to `9` or `Cmd` + `I` followed by `1` to `9`	Ignore one item in the list of failing checks.
`Ctrl` + `J` or `Cmd` + `J`	Shows the Nearby strings tab.
`Ctrl` + `S` or `Cmd` + `S`	Focus on search field.
`Ctrl` + `O` or `Cmd` + `O`	Copy the source string.
`Ctrl` + `Y` or `Cmd` + `Y`	Toggle the Needs editing checkbox.
`→`	Browse the next translation string.
`←`	Browse the previous translation string.