cnp3-ebook/principles/reliability

Exit Zen

54 ../../principles/reliability.rst:220 • ../../principles/reliability.rst:258
	English Transmitted frame
	French 0/170 · 17 Needs editing
55 ../../principles/reliability.rst:222
	English 0001001001001001001000011
	French 0/250 · 25 Needs editing
56 ../../principles/reliability.rst:222
	English 01111110000100100100100100100001101111110
	French 0/410 · 41 Needs editing
57 ../../principles/reliability.rst:223
	English 0110111111111111111110010
	French 0/250 · 25 Needs editing
58 ../../principles/reliability.rst:223
	English 01111110011011111011111011111011001001111110
	French 0/440 · 44 Needs editing
59 ../../principles/reliability.rst:224
	English 01111110
	French 0/100 · 8 Needs editing
60 ../../principles/reliability.rst:224
	English 0111111001111101001111110
	French 0/250 · 25 Needs editing
61 ../../principles/reliability.rst:228
	English For example, consider the transmission of `0110111111111111111110010`. The sender will first send the `01111110` marker followed by `011011111`. After these five consecutive bits set to `1`, it inserts a bit set to `0` followed by `11111`. A new `0` is inserted, followed by `11111`. A new `0` is inserted followed by the end of the frame `110010` and the `01111110` marker.
	French 0/3740 · 374 Needs editing
62 ../../principles/reliability.rst:231
	English `Bit stuffing` increases the number of bits required to transmit each frame. The worst case for bit stuffing is of course a long sequence of bits set to `1` inside the frame. If transmission errors occur, stuffed bits or markers can be in error. In these cases, the frame affected by the error and possibly the next frame will not be correctly decoded by the receiver, but it will be able to resynchronize itself at the next valid marker.
	French 0/4380 · 438 Needs editing
63 ../../principles/reliability.rst:236
	English `Bit stuffing` can be easily implemented in hardware. However, implementing it in software is difficult given the complexity of performing bit manipulations in software. Software implementations prefer to process characters than bits, software-based datalink layers usually use `character stuffing`. This technique operates on frames that contain an integer number of characters. In computer networks, characters are usually encoded by relying on the :term:`ASCII` table. This table defines the encoding of various alphanumeric characters as a sequence of bits. :rfc:`20` provides the ASCII table that is used by many protocols on the Internet. For example, the table defines the following binary representations :
	French 0/7140 · 714 Needs editing
64 ../../principles/reliability.rst:238
	English `A` : `1000011` b
	French 0/170 · 17 Needs editing
65 ../../principles/reliability.rst:239
	English `0` : `0110000` b
	French 0/170 · 17 Needs editing
66 ../../principles/reliability.rst:240
	English `z` : `1111010` b
	French 0/170 · 17 Needs editing
67 ../../principles/reliability.rst:241
	English `@` : `1000000` b
	French 0/170 · 17 Needs editing
68 ../../principles/reliability.rst:242
	English `space` : `0100000` b
	French 0/210 · 21 Needs editing
69 ../../principles/reliability.rst:244
	English In addition, the :term:`ASCII` table also defines several non-printable or control characters. These characters were designed to allow an application to control a printer or a terminal. These control characters include `CR` and `LF`, that are used to terminate a line, and the `BEL` character which causes the terminal to emit a sound.
	French 0/3350 · 335 Needs editing
70 ../../principles/reliability.rst:246
	English `NUL`: `0000000` b
	French 0/180 · 18 Needs editing
71 ../../principles/reliability.rst:247
	English `BEL`: `0000111` b
	French 0/180 · 18 Needs editing
72 ../../principles/reliability.rst:248
	English `CR` : `0001101` b
	French 0/180 · 18 Needs editing
73 ../../principles/reliability.rst:249
	English `LF` : `0001010` b
	French 0/180 · 18 Needs editing

Shortcut	Action
`?`	Open available keyboard shortcuts.
`Alt` + `Home`	Navigate to the first translation in the current search.
`Alt` + `End`	Navigate to the last translation in the current search.
`Alt` + `PageUp` or `Ctrl` + `↑` or `Alt` + `↑` or `Cmd` + `↑` or	Navigate to the previous translation in the current search.
`Alt` + `PageDown` or `Ctrl` + `↓` or `Alt` + `↓` or `Cmd` + `↓` or	Navigate to the next translation in the current search.
`Ctrl` + `Enter` or `Cmd` + `Enter`	Submit current form; this works the same as pressing Save and continue while editing translation.
`Ctrl` + `Shift` + `Enter` or `Cmd` + `Shift` +`Enter`	Unmark translation as Needing edit and submit it.
`Alt` + `Enter` or `Option` + `Enter`	Submit the string as a suggestion; this works the same as pressing Suggest while editing translation.
`Ctrl` + `E` or `Cmd` + `E`	Focus on translation editor.
`Ctrl` + `U` or `Cmd` + `U`	Focus on comment editor.
`Ctrl` + `M` or `Cmd` + `M`	Shows Automatic suggestions tab.
`Ctrl` + `1` to `Ctrl` + `9` or `Cmd` + `1` to `Cmd` + `9`	Copies placeable of a given number from source string.
`Ctrl` + `M` followed by `1` to `9` or `Cmd` + `M` followed by `1` to `9`	Copy the machine translation of a given number to current translation.
`Ctrl` + `I` followed by `1` to `9` or `Cmd` + `I` followed by `1` to `9`	Ignore one item in the list of failing checks.
`Ctrl` + `J` or `Cmd` + `J`	Shows the Nearby strings tab.
`Ctrl` + `S` or `Cmd` + `S`	Focus on search field.
`Ctrl` + `O` or `Cmd` + `O`	Copy the source string.
`Ctrl` + `Y` or `Cmd` + `Y`	Toggle the Needs editing checkbox.
`→`	Browse the next translation string.
`←`	Browse the previous translation string.