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This hierarchical naming scheme is a key component of the Domain Name System (DNS). The DNS is a distributed database that contains mappings between fully qualified domain names and addresses. The DNS uses the client-server model. The clients are hosts or applications that need to retrieve the mapping for a given name. Each :term:`nameserver` stores part of the distributed database and answers the queries sent by clients. There is at least one :term:`nameserver` that is responsible for each domain. In the figure below, domains are represented by circles and there are three hosts inside domain `dom` (`h1`, `h2` and `h3`) and three hosts inside domain `a.sdom1.dom`. As shown in the figure below, a sub-domain may contain both host names and sub-domains.
Ce système de dénomination hiérarchique est un élément clé du système de noms de domaine (DNS). Le DNS est une base de données distribuée qui contient les correspondances entre les noms de domaine entièrement qualifiés et les adresses. Le DNS utilise le modèle client-serveur. Les clients sont des hôtes ou des applications qui doivent récupérer la correspondance pour un nom donné. Chaque :term:`nameserver` stocke une partie de la base de données distribuée et répond aux requêtes envoyées par les clients. Il y a au moins un :term:`nameserver` qui est responsable de chaque domaine. Dans la figure ci-dessous, les domaines sont représentés par des cercles et il y a trois hôtes dans le domaine `dom` (`h1`, `h2` et `h3`) et trois hôtes dans le domaine `a.sdom1.dom`. Comme le montre la figure ci-dessous, un sous-domaine peut contenir à la fois des noms d'hôtes et des sous-domaines.
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